SpringCloud(第 008 篇)电影微服务,使用 application.yml 配置文件配置 Ribbon 在客户端进行负载均衡调度算法
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一、大致介绍
1、通过 application.yml 配置来设置 Ribbon 客户端进行负载均衡的调度算法;
2、通过 restTemplate.getForObject、loadBalancerClient.choose 两种代码调用方式来测试客户端负载均衡算法;
二、实现步骤
2.1 添加 maven 引用包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.springms.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>springms-spring-cloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!-- web模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 客户端发现模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 监控和管理生产环境的模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.2 添加应用配置文件(springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-propertiessrcmainresourcesapplication.yml)
spring:
application:
name: springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties
server:
port: 8030
#做负载均衡的时候,不需要这个动态配置的地址
#user:
# userServicePath: http://localhost:7900/simple/
eureka:
client:
healthcheck:
enabled: true
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://admin:admin@localhost:8761/eureka
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true
instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${spring.application.instance_id:${server.port}}
# 配置 Ribbon 负载均衡调度规则
springms-provider-user:
ribbon:
# NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule #轮调
NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule #随机分配
# NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.WeightedResponseTimeRule
2.3 添加实体用户类User(springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-propertiessrcmainjavacomspringmscloudentityUser.java)
package com.springms.cloud.entity;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
public class User {
private Long id;
private String username;
private String name;
private Short age;
private BigDecimal balance;
public Long getId() {
return this.id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return this.username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Short getAge() {
return this.age;
}
public void setAge(Short age) {
this.age = age;
}
public BigDecimal getBalance() {
return this.balance;
}
public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) {
this.balance = balance;
}
}
2.4 添加Web访问层Controller(springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-propertiessrcmainjavacomspringmscloudcontrollerMovieRibbonPropertiesController.java)
package com.springms.cloud.controller;
import com.springms.cloud.entity.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
public class MovieRibbonPropertiesController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;
@GetMapping("/movie/{id}")
public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
// http://localhost:7900/simple/
// VIP virtual IP
// HAProxy Heartbeat
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("springms-provider-user");
System.out.println(">>>>>" + " " + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort());
return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://springms-provider-user/simple/" + id, User.class);
}
@GetMapping("/choose")
public String test() {
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("springms-provider-user");
System.out.println("00000" + ":" + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort());
ServiceInstance serviceInstance2 = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("springms-provider-user2");
System.out.println("222222222222222222" + ":" + serviceInstance2.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getPort());
return "choose successful";
}
}
2.5 添加电影微服务启动类(springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-propertiessrcmainjavacomspringmscloudMsConsumerMovieRibbonPropertiesApplication.java)
package com.springms.cloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/**
* 电影微服务,使用 application.yml 配置文件配置 Ribbon 在客户端进行负载均衡调度算法。
*
* LoadBalanced:该负载均衡注解,已经整合了 Ribbon;
*
* Ribbon 的默认负载均衡的算法为:轮询;
*
* 配置文件优先级最高,Java代码设置的配置其次,默认的配置优先级最低;
*
* @author hmilyylimh
*
* @version 0.0.1
*
* @date 2017/9/17
*
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class MsConsumerMovieRibbonPropertiesApplication {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MsConsumerMovieRibbonPropertiesApplication.class, args);
System.out.println("【【【【【【 电影微服务-Properties定制Ribbon 】】】】】】已启动.");
}
}
三、测试
/****************************************************************************************
一、电影微服务,使用 application.yml 配置文件配置 Ribbon 在客户端进行负载均衡调度算法(测试轮询分配服务器地址):
1、application.yml配置轮询算法:springms-provider-user.ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule;
2、启动 springms-provider-user 模块服务,启动3个端口(7900、7899、7898);
3、启动 springms-provider-user2 模块服务,启动2个端口(7997、7996)(直接将用户微服务 spring.application.name 改了个名字为 springms-provider-user2 再启动而已);
4、启动 springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties 模块服务,启动1个端口;
5、在浏览器输入地址http://localhost:8030/choose,然后看看 springms-provider-user、springms-provider-user2 的各个对应的端口的服务打印的信息是否均匀,正常情况下应该是轮询分配打印的;
总结:springms-provider-user(之所以轮询是因为配置文件采用 RoundRobinRule 轮询调度算法)、springms-provider-user2(之所以轮询是因为没有任何配置,默认调度算法就是轮询算法)
****************************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************************
二、电影微服务,使用 application.yml 配置文件配置 Ribbon 在客户端进行负载均衡调度算法(测试随机分配服务器地址):
1、application.yml配置随机算法:springms-provider-user.ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
2、启动 springms-provider-user 模块服务,启动3个端口(7900、7899、7898);
3、启动 springms-provider-user2 模块服务,启动2个端口(7997、7996)(直接将用户微服务 spring.application.name 改了个名字为 springms-provider-user2 再启动而已);
4、启动 springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties 模块服务,启动1个端口;
5、在浏览器输入地址http://localhost:8030/choose,然后看看 springms-provider-user、springms-provider-user2 的各个对应的端口的服务打印的信息是否均匀,正常情况下应该是轮询分配打印的;
总结:springms-provider-user(之所以随机是因为配置文件采用 RandomRule 随机调度算法)、springms-provider-user2(之所以轮询是因为没有任何配置,默认调度算法就是轮询算法)
****************************************************************************************/
四、下载地址
https://gitee.com/ylimhhmily/SpringCloudTutorial.git
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